A variety of parasites can live in a person.It can be not only multicellular and simpler, but also viruses, bacteria, fungi.They parasitize due to the human body.Harmful microorganisms can live not only in the gut, but also in muscles, blood, etc.With parasites, you need to start a fight as soon as possible.Otherwise, complications cannot be avoided.
Varieties of parasites
There are many parasitic organisms that feel great in the human body.They all have characteristic features.
Roundworms
Round worms or nematodes include about 1000 subspecies in their group.The most famous representatives are pinworms, Trichinella, Toxocar, Ankylostoma, a non-core, as well as an ascar.They enter the body through the oral cavity or skin.The main representatives of roundworms are described in the table.
| Parasite | Description |
| Speakers | This is a round worm, whose length does not exceed 2-12 mm.The females are usually larger.Representatives in the lower intestine and colon are parasitized.Adult females lay eggs in the perianal region.Most of the time, these representatives are found in children.The eggs fall into the patient's hands when combing the anus, which scratches in the presence of such parasites.It is itching which is one of the first symptoms. |
| Trichinella | Trichinelles belong to nematodes.The pests enter the body along with poorly treated meat.After entering the body, its full intoxication begins.In the neglected case, parasites can cause death in humans. |
| Toxocracks | This parasite usually lives in the bodies of animals, including cattle.Toxokaryosis is very prone to young children.The parasite multiplies extremely quickly, so treatment must be started immediately. |
| Ankylostoma | Every 4 person on the planet is believed to be a carrier of this parasite.An adult can live in the body of an 8-year-old carrier.With adequate and timely treatment, it is possible to cure 95% of 100 Ankylost patients.The parasite enters the body along with the infected land. |
| No -core | These representatives are small.Its length reaches up to 2 cm.During the day, the female pest lays up to 10 thousand eggs.In the external environment, parasite larvae fall along with the feces. |
| Askarids | Ascarides can grow up to 35 cm in length.First, the parasite develops in the small intestine and then spreads all over the body.So that individuals become sexually ripe for a second entering the body. |
After the penetration of round bumps into the human body, the process of development of pathological symptoms begins.The intestinal walls are inflamed and for this reason the performance of the digestive system is disrupted.Parasites in the body are a serious danger.They absorb part of the nutrients.
Tape worms
The worms or cestodes of the tape present in the body lead to the appearance of cesctosis.Adults are only in the gut.The larvae are able to spread all over the body.A person can be infected with the following tape worms:
- Broad ribbon.This is the longest helminth in the world.It is able to grow to 15 to 17 meters.A broad diet causes significant damage to the human body.In place of your attachment, the wounds form.
- Conical tape.This is another great parasite that negatively affects human health.It is most often located in the small intestine.Infection occurs when infected meat is used, which was thermally misused.
- Pork tenderloin.The chain can grow up to several meters in length.The carriers of the plague can be wild and domestic pigs.
- Echinococcus.Eggs enter the environment along with fecal masses.Infection often occurs with non-compliance with personal hygiene rules.
- Alveokokk.Lasting, the parasite grows to 2.2 mm.Infection occurs through food products that are contaminated with infected stools.
The pathology is manifested mainly by disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.A disorder of nerve activity appears.The human well -constantly be deteriorating.
Base workers
Ensalters are flat worms.These are one of the most dangerous representatives.Almost all saucers parasitize on the owner's body.Only at a certain stage of development do they change the owner.
A change of host eliminates possible overpopulation in the host's body.The most common representatives of worms include:
- Siberian chance.Infection occurs when eating fish that has undergone insufficient heat treatment.It is in human fecal matter that the eggs of this pest are contained.The parasite grows up to 13 mm in length.The body is almost completely transparent.
- Liver worm.A parasite that can infect animals and humans.An adult reaches a maximum of 8 cm.Infection is possible by ingestion of dirty plants in which the worm has already settled in its intermediate form.There is also a risk of infection through water.
- Schistosome.If left untreated, the schistosome can cause sudden death of the patient.Only 6 varieties of this parasite are dangerous to humans.The microorganism can be located in blood vessels, in the bladder.Infection usually occurs when swimming in fresh water.
- Clonorchis.People working in public catering establishments are susceptible to infection.Clonorchis occurs most frequently in men over 35 years of age.They are at risk.The parasite eggs are excreted in feces.
Most often, parasites enter the body through eating raw or undercooked fish.Another common option is the presence of poorly washed vegetables and fruits in the diet.
Trematos
This is one of the varieties of flat worms.Its main feature is the presence of suction cups.Trematodes include:
- OPISTORCHOZ.The source of infection is raw fish or poorly processed.Symptoms are not specific, so it is quite difficult to diagnose the disease.The result is usually unfavorable.
- Fasciolosis.When infected, the liver and biliary system become infected.A characteristic sign of human infection is a sharp increase in body temperature to 39-40 degrees.
- Dicrozzeliosis.Helminthosis, the causative agent of which is a lanceolate bicarry.In pathology, the liver and gallbladder are additionally damaged.
The parasite is common throughout the world and is a serious danger to livestock and humans.
Appropriate
The simplest parasites include unicellular pests.Some of the representatives are the oldest inhabitants on Earth.Parasites successfully adapt to new conditions and multiply due to the simplest structure.The plague can live on both the skin and directly in the human body.
Single-celled movement can be accomplished using cilia, flagella, and false joints.Types of such parasites include:
- Scourges.They have an oval or pear-shaped body.The main difference is the presence of flagella.Their number can be 1-8.The parasite sucks food with the entire surface of its body.Infection can occur during insect bites, violation of personal hygiene rules, as well as random sex.
- Sporovikov.They are able to live in different human organs.Nutrition, breathing, release of life products is performed throughout the surface of the plague's body.
- Infusory.These are riparian parasites or sucks.They live in fresh waters, soil.
- Sarcodov.The parasite consists of one cell.Some varieties of sarcoids are able to live in human teeth if hygiene is insufficient.
Unicellular can lead to various dangerous diseases, including malaria, amoebiasis, lambliosis, etc.Infection is possible in a contact, fecal-oral everyday life, through infected products, as well as a transmissive method.
Protose - Infections caused in humans with the activities of protozoan microorganisms.Animals are also prone to pathologies.The pathologies they cause also include fungal infections.
In most cases, protozoan organisms come to an animal person.In addition, your blow is possible through water, soil and man to man.
Ectoparasites
Ectoparasites are parasites that live on the surface of the body and external organs.They can be a provocateur of skin diseases.Furthermore, ectoparasites tolerate various infections.
The group of ectoparasites includes:
- Lice.This is a parasite of blood suggestion.The oral organ easily pierces a person's skin.If necessary, lice can support hunger for several days.Lice can be solid and head.Lice pose a serious danger as they can be carriers of infectious diseases.
- Bloch.These are temporary ectoparasites.They are transmitted from humans to animals and vice versa.They cause great discomfort when bitten.
- Ixodid ticks.Unlike other ectoparasites, ticks are easy to eliminate.To do this, use vegetable oil or paraffin.The main thing is to take the extracted tick for examination.This will help ensure that he does not carry the infection.
Most of the time, ectoparasites infect animals, but human infection is also possible, for example, with ticks or lice.The pests feed on blood.They have a high reproduction rate.
Helminths
At the moment, experts identify 280 types of worms.They are all able to live and develop in the human body.It is a mistake to believe that helminthiasis occurs only in people from dysfunctional families.Worms can occur even in rich people who carefully monitor their hygiene.
Helminths can be infected in different ways.Parasites can be transmitted from animals, from person to person and also by contact with contaminated soil.Most of the time, worms appear in children.This is due to non -compliance with preventive measures.
The first symptoms may not appear immediately.They may appear after 2-3 days or several weeks.It all depends directly on what kind of parasite entered the body.Helminthiasis can be acute and chronic.
Parasites Classification
All parasites are divided into species.There are large groups in:
- infection manner;
- location method;
- biological characteristics.
Each of the groups has its own characteristic features.
By location type
A temporary, stationary and transit form of location is distinguished.In the first case, the parasite lives in the owner's body only at a certain stage of development.In a stationary form, pests are constantly in the human body.The transient form is the period of migration of the parasite to the habitat.
In treatment, doctors always take into consideration not only the shape of the parasite, but also the place of their residence.In total, the pests are divided into 2 main categories.The parasites that live on the skin are ectoparasites.The pests that settled within the owner belong to the endoparasites.
Internal parasites, in turn, are divided into 2 categories - tissue parasites and parasites of the abdominal organs.There are also atypical forms.In this case, the pests are located in places unusual for them.
External parasites can be temporary and constant.Those that feed on blood through bites are temporary.They can cause infections.The remaining parasites violate the integrity of the skin.
Intracellular pests are also found.This includes, for example, Plasmodium malaria.
By the infection method
Parasites can also be classified by the method of infection.The following penetration methods are distinguished:
- Contact Household.In this case, parasites penetrate as a result of violations of sanitary and hygienic standards.
- Fecal-oral.In this case, the infection occurs through dirty hands as well as low quality products.
- Transmission paths.Infection occurs through blood-choking insects.
- Active paths.This is the name of the infection method in which parasites fall to the owner in the larval stage.
Thanks to a large number of penetration methods, you can become infected with parasites anywhere.Only preventive measures make it possible to reduce the risk of infection.
In biological characteristics
According to biological characteristics, parasites are divided into two categories - unicellular and multicellular.The first group includes sports, ciliates, flagella, histological amoebas.The main way of infection is to ignore the rules of personal hygiene.
It is usual to assign to multicellular worms of parasites, insects, in the shape of spider.The danger of infection, for example, helminths, is that worms damage tissues and internal organs.
The most common multicellular parasites are worms.
Multicellular parasites are more dangerous.They are distinguished by a rapid reproduction rate and a complex life cycle.
Where can parasites be found?
Some parasites may live in specific parts of the body, while others may spread throughout the body.Diagnosing a parasitic infection is quite difficult.
Roundworms live mainly in the digestive tract.Infection occurs through consumption of unwashed food.
Parasites can be found under human skin.Such representatives include Rishta.The plague enters the body when drinking raw water.Tourists from vacation to countries where Guinea's worm is common are often infected.
The internal organs are affected by the trematodes.They can live in the liver, pancreas, intestines and bile ducts.The main source of infection is raw fish consumption.
There are also tissue microorganisms.They can live in the spinal cord, muscles and connective tissues.The main source of infection is domestic animals.
There are also eye parasites.They can be round, flat, ringed and with a spiny head.The main source of infection is poor heat treatment of fish or contact with infected animals.
The danger of parasitic infection for humans
Any parasitic infections require immediate treatment.The sooner the treatment is started, the faster the pests will be fought and the less complications will emerge.
Parasites in the human body can lead to serious pathologies:
- Some pests lead to the development of acute colitis.The condition is significantly aggravated if the patient has an ulcer.In bowel movements, there may be blood, which is dangerous for developing anemia.Treatment should be started as soon as possible.
- Parasites can establish themselves in the brain or liver.This condition can be dangerous not only for health, but also for the patient's life.When infected, there is a risk of cyst development.
- Pests living in the intestine can violate its integrity.Furthermore, there is a risk of obstruction.
- Parasites cause a significant blow to the human immune system.The destruction of leukocytes and red blood cells occurs.This almost instantly affects a person's general well.
- Pests take nutrients from the human body.The risk of developing thyroid disease, anemia increases.In addition, the condition of the hairline and nails worsens.
- The body is poisoned by toxic components.The parasite's vital products are poisonous to humans.The more there are, the worse a person's health is.The risk of developing allergies, asthma, as well as choking attacks increases.
Parasites are particularly dangerous for children.The infection turns into a large number of unpleasant symptoms.In the child, appetite is lost, body weight decreases, apathy and fatigue appear.The kid may often cry and be restless.Under the eyes, visible dark circles appear.
The baby is growing, so it is important that he receives enough nutrients.If there are parasites in the body, this is impossible.The condition of the baby worsens quickly every day.The child may be severely delayed in development.
The danger of parasites is that they can live in a person for months and years without making themselves known.During this period, it will weaken significantly and face a lack of nutrients.Possible complete exhaustion.Only timely treatment helps prevent this.
Factors contributing to infection
Often people themselves are to blame for the appearance of worms.There are several factors that increase the likelihood of pests.These include:
- Refusal to wash hands before consuming food;
- Introduction of infections along with dirty shoes;
- ignore signs of worms in pets;
- drink raw water;
- eat non -washed fruits and vegetables;
- poor heat treatment of meat and fish;
- eat out frequently;
- Weakened immunity after taking powerful medications.
First, the parasite eggs enter the intestine.After that, they are absorbed into the bloodstream and the larvae spread throughout the body.
The parasites spread faster in large groups of children.This is due to disrespect for hygiene rules and very close contacts.
Symptoms of the appearance of parasites in the human body
It is important to know that sometimes parasites do not manifest themselves for a long period of time.Symptoms are often general and almost invisible at first.
The first symptoms of parasites in the body are the rapid and causeless loss of body weight, as well as the appearance of an itching sensation in the anus.The presence of parasitic infections can only be confirmed through diagnosis.Symptoms of infection usually include various nervous system disorders and general weakness of the body.
A person who has parasites suffers from a lack of vitamins.This contributes to fatigue, intense drowsiness and constant apathy.
If pests live in the intestines, problems with the digestive system are inevitable.Diarrhea may alternate with constipation.There is a risk of increased gas formation and pain in the right hypochondrium.
In the presence of parasites, the protective functions of the human body are reduced.Due to low immunity, there is a risk of various infectious diseases.
One of the lightest signs of parasites is the spontaneous appearance of allergic symptoms.In addition, allergic rhinitis or persistent dry cough may begin to bother.
HELMINTIASES DIAGNOSIS
Only after the diagnosis and confirmation of the presence of worms can we proceed to their treatment.To verify the presence of parasites, doctors use different diagnostic methods:
- Macroscopic.The patient's feces are collected for analysis.A microscope or magnifying glass is used as additional equipment.This method is used to look for oxiuros or low backs.
- Microscopic.For this, a thick smear is made, which is later examined in a special membrane.
- Immunological.In this case, antibodies are sought in blood for either type of helminth.This method is used to look for a large number of different parasites.
- Biopsy.The presence of worms is determined by examining muscle tissue.
- Instrumental.These methods are used to determine how many internal organs and tissues are damaged by parasites.These methods include ultrasound, x-ray and computed tomography.
Treatment of Parasitic Infestation
To eliminate parasites, you can give preference to both medicinal and traditional methods.It is better to combine them.In this case, the effectiveness of therapy will be more pronounced and faster.
Treatment is selected individually.The most effective therapy is selected by the doctor, taking into account all the characteristics present in a particular patient.
Folk remedies for parasites in the human body
Traditional treatment methods are no less effective than medicines.Its main advantage is total safety for the patient.
One of the best medicines is garlic juice.Contains fets.They are the ones who destroy the pests of the body.The juice is taken three times a day.Start with 5 drops a day.The dosage is gradually increased.
Another effective tool is the worm wood tincture.Like garlic, it has phytoncides.To prepare the medicine, 1 tablespoon of worm wood is mixed with 100 ml of alcohol.The drug insists on a dark place for a week.Take 20 drops 3 times a day.The tincture is used 20 minutes before eating.
It is useful to include a large amount of carrots in your diet and drink their juice.It is harmful to parasites.It is recommended to take 1 glass of fresh carrot juice 30 minutes before meals.
Herbal decoctions perfectly affect the body.To prepare a product from parasites, 1 tbsp is mixed with 1 tbsp.Tansy, Wormwood Wormwood, Aspen Bark.All components are poured with a glass of water and brought to a boil.Take after cooling.They use a decoction 3 times a day for 125 ml before meals.
The main disadvantage of folk therapy is that some medications can cause an allergic reaction if there is intolerance to specific components.In this case, you will have to review your therapy and find a decoction or tincture that does not include allergens in its composition.
There is also an opinion that, to fight a small number of parasites, it is enough to review your diet.In the menu, you need to include:
- pumpkin seeds;
- raw fruits and vegetables;
- coconut and pineapple;
- Chile;
- garlic;
- Various vegetable oils.
All of these products negatively affect the activities of parasites.
Drug treatment of parasites
Drug treatment is more effective.The main thing is to take all medications carefully.It is important to know that they are potent, which is why their use is only possible after prior consultation with a doctor.
Self-medication with anti-worm medications is strictly prohibited.There is a risk that the patient will only worsen his own health by using medications that are not necessary in a particular case.
Prevention of parasites in the human body
It is easier to prevent the appearance of parasitic microorganisms than fighting them in the future.Each person must adhere to existing security measures.For this it is recommended:
- use only purified water for washing food and drinking;
- Do not use other people's personal hygiene items;
- Give antiparasitic drugs to animals for prevention;
- Stop eating dirty fruits and vegetables;
- Stop eating raw fish.
Periodic diagnostics are necessary to ensure the absence of harmful microorganisms.If you follow preventative measures, the risk of infection is minimal.It is especially important to ensure that children follow the recommendations.They are the ones in the main risk group.